Shaxda tusmada
Infographic Polling Passpoint WEB
>Isha: Sam Churchill/FlickerCC BY 2.0>> Waa maxay Passpoint WiFi iyo sida ay u shaqeyso
>Waxaa kuu keenay dadka ku sugan Isbahaysiga Wi-Fi , Passpoint waxay ku siinaysaa "xidhiidh aan fiicneyn, oo aamin ah shabakadaha Wi-Fi ® hotspot." Laakiin, sida abka wanaagsan oo dhan, Passpoint wuxuu u horumaray inuu sameeyo wax badan. Hoosta, waxaan sii sharxi doonaa waxa Passpoint WiFi yahay iyo sida ay u shaqeyso.
In kasta oo Passpoint-ku jiray ilaa 2012, qaar badan oo ka mid ah isticmaalayaasha WiFi ayaa weli ka warhaya shaqadeeda, haddana isticmaal maalin kasta. Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad maqashay "Hotspot 2.0," ereyga suuq-geynta saaxiibtinimo ee Passpoint.
WiFi Dulmarka Passpointka >
Heerka ugu aasaasiga ah , Passpoint wuxuu fududeeyaa oo fududeeyaa isku xidhka meelaha WiFi, isagoo si toos ah u xaqiijinaya aaladaha isticmaaleyaasha. Ka fiirso macnaha guud ee webka caarada ee munaaradaha taleefanka gacanta. Laakin halkii aad ka bixin lahayd calaamada qalabkaaga inta u dhaxaysa munaaradaha gacanta, Passpoint-ku waxa uu ka boodaa isku xidhka hal hotspot una gudbayo mid kale.
>La'aanteed Barta-dhaafka, aaladdaadu waa inay gasho mar kasta oo ay gasho meel kale. Passpoint-ku wuxuu u ogolaanayaa isticmaalayaashu inay hal mar soo galaan, ka dibna waxay isticmaalaan aqoonsigooda markay qalabkoodu ka soo boodayaan hal dhibic (AP) ilaa kan xiga. Xaqiijinta isticmaalayaashu waxay dhacdaa mar kasta oo ay ku xidhmaan. Dabcan, hotspot-ka (tusaale ahaan, router) waa inuu taageeraa Passpoint-ka wareejintan isku xirnaanta si ay u dhacdo.
Sidoo kale eeg: Disney Plus Mugga Hoose: 4 Siyadood Oo Loo HagaajiyoPasspoint aka IEEE 802.11u-2016 >
> Wixii Passpoint ah, Isbahaysiga Wi-Fi wuxuu wax ka beddelay heerka IEEE 802.11-2007 si loo fududeeyo isku xidhka shabakadaha WiFi dibadda. Wax-ka-beddeladan waxay ka hadlayaan arrimaha shaqada sida: >>>>>> 10> 1> Helitaanka otomaatiga ah iyo xulashada shabakadaha WiFi ee leh Protocol-ka Su'aalaha Helitaanka Shabakadda (ANQP), kaas oo adeegsada metadata (nooca ciwaanka IP-ga, xaqiijinta EAP, xaqiiqooyinka NAI, iwm) si loo habeeyo doorashooyinka shabakada;Qaabaynta taraafikada - sida, qaybinta qalabka QoS - waayo-aragnimada internetka ee tayada leh;
> Fududeynta taraafikada gacanta (LTE, 3G) ee la saarayo shabakadaha WiFi.
> >> Hotspot 2.0 waxa loogu talagalay inay ka faa'iidaystaan dhammaan daneeyayaasha shabakada Isticmaalayaashu waxay helayaan caynsanaan WiFi ka wanaagsan inta ay hoos u dhigayaan isticmaalka xogta sidehooda mobilada. MNO-yadu waxay yareeyaan ciriiriga shabakadahooda moobaylka iyagoo soo dejinaya taraafikada shabakadaha WiFi. Sidoo kale, bixiyeyaasha WiFi waxay ka faa'idaystaan adeeggooda iyagoo dejinaya xeelado suuqgeyneed oo ku salaysan xulashada iibsadaha isticmaalaha, tirakoobka iyo xogta goobta.
Halkan, waxaan u leexanaynaa Ruckus Networks Injineer Sare Dave Stephenson iyo sharraxaaddiisa Passpoint 2.0:
>> Sidee buu ammaan u yahay barta-passpoint? >
Marka la eego taas IAG waxay si joogto ah ugu waanisay isticmaalayaasha WiFi inay ilaashadaan ammaankooda khadka iyagoo isticmaalayaVPN-yada marka ay dhex mushaaxayaan mareegaha iyada oo la sii marayo goobaha dadweynaha, su'aalo la iska weydiiyo sifooyinka amniga ee Barbarka ayaa habboon.
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, Passpoint-ku wuxuu taageeraa labadaba WPA2 iyo WPA3 "ballaarinta amniga heerka ganacsiga." Sida aan ku xusnay maqaal dhawaan IAG ah, labadan algorithms amniga waa la jebin karaa.
> Gaar ahaan, Hashcat aad bay wax ku ool u tahay xallinta xarfaha WPA2. Iyo, sida laga soo xigtay koox khubaro ah oo Maraykan iyo Israa'iil ah oo ku takhasusay amniga kombuyuutarrada, Isbahaysiga Wi-Fi ayaa kubbadda ku tuuray ilaalinta WPA3's SAE gacan-qaadka, iyaga oo dubay cillado naqshadeed oo dhowr ah.Sidaa darteed, waxaan wali ku talinaynaa isticmaalka VPN adag mar kasta oo laga helayo intarneedka goob dadweyne ah. Ama, haddii aad runtii ka walaacsan tahay amniga internetka, gabi ahaanba iska ilaali WiFi oo isticmaal isku xirka Ethernet-ka adag.
> Taageerada Passpoint
> Muddo ayay qaadatay laakiin OEM-yada, MNOs, MSOs iyo aaladaha OS dhamaantood hadda waxay si baahsan u daad gureeyaan Passpoint-ka aaladahooda. Si kastaba ha noqotee, barta-passpoint maaha ku-darka khasabka ah ee OEM-yada, kuwaas oo dooran kara inay ku dhejiyaan qalabkooda iyo in kale. Ogsoonow in Passpoint-ka laga heli karo SIM-ka iyo aaladaha aan SIM-ka ahayn ee Wi-Fi-ga labadaba.Haddii aaladda software-ka ay taageerto Passpoint-ka, soo-saareyaashu waxa ay ku qasban yihiin in ay fuliyaan “shaqada la filayo,” taas oo macnaheedu yahay u hoggaansanaanta heerka 802.11u.
IOS, Passpoint waxa lagu dhisay maamulaha WiFi. Marka, haddii WiFiwaa daaran yahay, sidaas oo kale waa barta laga gudbi karo. Kaliya marka la damiyo WiFi isticmaaluhu wuxuu joojin karaa barta Passport.
> Sida kor lagu sheegay, Android waxay ka dhigaysaa Passpoint doorasho laga helo menu-ka WiFi ee aaladda. Tag qaybta "Advanced" ama "In ka badan" ee menu WiFi oo dooro mid ka mid ah "Hospot 2.0" ama "Passpoint." Calaamadee sanduuqa si aad u daarto Passpoint-ka, ama nadiifi sanduuqa si aad u damiso barta Passpoint.Nidaamyada hawlgalka ee taageera Passpoint-ka waxa ka mid ah
>- >>>> Android (tan iyo “Marshmellow,” aka 6.0) >
- > Windows 10
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iOS/macOS (10 iyo wixii ka sareeya labadaba)
>>>> 12>> Aaladaha waxa ka mid ah:- >
- > Router-yada ay iibiyeen Ruckus, Han Networks, Alcatel-Lucent, LG, Fujitsu, D-Link, Cisco-Meraki, Arris, Broadcom iyo kuwo kale oo badan oo OEM ah.
- >
- Taleefannada waxaa ka mid ah iPhone 11/Pro/Max, Samsung Galaxy Note 10+ iyo Galaxy S7, iyo moodooyinka ay sameeyeen Fujitsu, LG, Sony, Qualcomm, Motorola iyo qaar kale oo badan. > >
MSOs, MNOs iyo Passpoint
> Passpoint ma shaqayn doono la'aanta wada-shaqeynta hawl-wadeennada mobilada (sida, MNOs) iyo fulinta MSO (sida, "shirkadda fiilada ”) bixiyayaasha.MNOs, gaar ahaan, way ka gaabiyeen inay qaataan Koontaroolka, yaa eedayn kara? Waxay bixiyeen lacag aad u badan si ay shatiga spectrum u qaadaan taraafikada wireless-ka ee mobiladooda, waxayna markii hore u arki jireen WiFi inay khatar ku tahay khadkooda hoose.
Laakin qaraxa isticmaalka aaladaha moobilka iyo ciriiriga culeyska taraafik ee sii kordhaya ee shabakadahooda, waxay hadda aad ugu faraxsan yihiin inay u raraan taraafikada shabakadaha WiFi mar kasta oo ay suurtagal tahay. Gudaha Mareeykanka, AT&T, T-Mobile iyo Sprint dhamaantood waxay ka faa'ideystaan Passpointka ( laakin ma aha Verizon; eeg hoos ).
> isu-duwidda hantida shabakadeed ee isticmaalaha khibradda ugu wanaagsan ee loo-shaqeeyaha ee Passpoint WiFi. Runtii, habayntan "lamaanaha wareega" ayaa ahaa barta ka danbaysa horumarka Passpoint.MSOs MSOs MSOs Comcast, AT & AMP; T, Spectrum iyo Boinlo Wireless dhammaantood waxay bixiyaan shabakado karti leh oo awood leh. Markaad aragto xayaysiis bixiyaha ISP oo sheeganaya inay bixiso boqolaal kun oo goobo WiFi dadweyne oo bilaash ah macaamiisha, waxaa sabab u ah qayb weyn oo ka mid ah tignoolajiyada Passpoint.
> Verizon Waxay Maraysaa Meesha Laga Gudbo
> WeynCasaanku waa wax ka baxsan tartamayaasheeda taas oo ka fogaanaysa taageerada Meesha Guduudka. Markaa, macaamiisha Verizon si toos ah looguma xidho shabakad karti u leh Passpoint marka mid la heli karo.Hadal qoraal ah oo ku socda fircewireless.com, Verizon wuxuu ahaa mid aan caddayn oo ku saabsan dib-u-celinta taageerada Baasaboorka, kaliya waxay sheegaysaa in siduhu "qiimaynayo isticmaalka Hotspot 2.0/Passpoint WiFi tignoolajiyada isticmaalka mustaqbalka."
Tifaftiraha guud ee FierceWireless Mike Dano waxa uu qiyaasayaa in ka leexashada Verizon ee dhanka Passpoint ay sabab u tahay sideha "rabitaanka muddada dheer ee ah in ay si toos ah u maamusho khibradeeda shabakadeeda." Sidaa darteed, "Verizon waxaa laga yaabaa inaysan rabin inay aaminto shirkadaha kale inay siiyaan adeeg wanaagsan macaamiisheeda."
Dabcan, kuwo kale, ujeeddooyin aan run ahayn ayaa ku jira ciyaarta. Verizon waxay ku guulaysatay LTE-U, beddelka meelaha WiFi ee sidaha leh Asal ahaan waxaa soo jeediyay Qualcomm, tignoolajiyadan waxay isticmaashaa LTE shati aan shati lahayn (ie, inta jeer ee 5 GHz WiFi). Verizon waxay aasaastay Madasha LTE-U 2014 si ay u abuurto tafaasiil aaladaha macaamiisha iyo saldhigyada saldhigyada ee ka shaqeeya LTE-U.
Markii ugu horeysay ee ka soo horjeeda soo dejinta LTE-U waxay ahayd Google, taasoo cabasho rasmi ah ka gudbisay LTE-U FCC 2015. Waxaa ku biiray bilo ka dib Isbahaysiga Wi-Fi iyo Cable Qaranka & Ururka Isgaarsiinta (NCTA), oo labaduba ka dhawaajiyay walaac ah in LTE-U uu si weyn u yaraan doonowaxqabadka qalabka kale ee WiFi.
Sanadkan soo socda, isbahaysiga Wi-Fi waxay heystaan qorshe tijaabo ah "wada noolaansho" ah oo loo adeegsado labadaba Wi-Fi iyo LTE-U. Wax yar ka dib, si kastaba ha ahaatee, labadaba Qualcomm iyo Verizon waxay ku heshiiyeen hirgelinta qorshaha imtixaanka. Big Red waxa ay sheegtay in qorshuhu ahaa "asal ahaan cadaalad darro iyo eex."
LTE-U waxa laga isticmaalaa maanta qaybo kooban oo Maraykanka ah oo ay isticmaalaan Verizon iyo T-Mobile, iyadoo la isticmaalayo saldhigyada ay soo saareen Nokia iyo Ericsson. Laga bilaabo Luulyo 2019, tignoolajiyada waxaa geeyey 37 hawl-wadeenno 24 waddan oo adduunka ah.
Sidoo kale eeg: Disney Plus ma ogeysiisaa marka qof soo galo? (waxaa lagu jawaabay)Coda >
Waxaa fududeeyay Passpoint, reer Yurub waxay ku raaxaystaan daboolka WiFi caalamiga ah oo aad uga badan kuwa Ameerikaanka. Isbahaysiga Wi-Fi wuxuu si cad u sheeganayaa in Passpoint uu yahay "loogu cayimay WiFi4EU," hindise ah (kaas oo) dhiirigelinaya gelitaanka bilaashka ah ee Wi-Fi ee muwaadiniinta ee meelaha caamka ah sida jardiinooyinka, fagaarayaasha, dhismayaasha dadweynaha, maktabadaha, xarumaha caafimaadka iyo matxafyada gudaha degmooyinka Yurub oo dhan."
Ogow in "degmooyinka (ama maamullada u dhigma) ama ururrada degmooyinka ay ka qaybgeli karaan oo keliya." Shuruudaha waxaa ka mid ah in la siiyo isticmaaleyaasha isku xirka internetka xawaaraha soo dejinta ee "ugu yaraan" 30 Mbps, u hoggaansanaanta AP ee heerka IEEE 802.11ac, taageeridda "ugu yaraan 50 isticmaaleyaal ah oo aan hoos u dhicin waxqabadka" iyo u hoggaansanaanta Hotspot 2.0.
Dabcan, hindise dawladeed oo noocaas ah ayaa qaatafaa'iidada "hawada" ee ka baxsan nooca WiFi-ga ee ay kafaala qaadayso sida ay hadda ka jirto Maraykanka Sidaa darteed, waxay ku timaaddaa yaab yar oo ah in "qashin oo cuna" MNOs sida Verizon ay doorbidi lahayd LTE-U marka loo eego Passpoint.
